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Reported by Elise (안바오웬), Iuliia Kim
Edited by Gang-min Kim
“Older sister picks up her younger sibling from elementary school.”
SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - Unveiling the 'Elder Sister Syndrome': from childhood caregivers to frontline support for ailing parents, we investigate the overlooked narrative of familial responsibility. Complex web of duty and sacrifice that defines elder sisters' roles, shedding light on the universal themes of resilience and cyclical familial obligations.
“People are voting for “있다”(exists) about the K-장녀 syndrome question.”
“Majority of the votes are choosing they do believe in the K-장녀 syndrome.”
K-장녀 syndrome, also known as “oldest daughter syndrome” or “first-born syndrome.” This phenomenon represents how in the role of eldest daughter, a girl may have distinct challenges, responsibilities, and expectations. Due to this pressure, they may develop certain personality traits or even mental health challenges.
During our report on the "Elder Sister Syndrome," we conducted a street interview survey, asking people to vote on whether they believe it's a real issue in our society. Interestingly, most of the votes confirming its existence came from the elder sisters themselves. On the other side, the majority of those who thought the syndrome doesn't exist were the youngest siblings. This clear divide suggests a link between personal experiences and viewpoints on this topic. Younger siblings who never experienced this themselves probably will never understand the complicated side of this phenomenon. It's not just about a syndrome; it's about understanding how our relationship in a family might shape our perspectives on various aspects of life.
“Eldest daughter accompanying mom to the hospital.”
“Caring daughter by her sick mom’s side, waiting for the elevator.”
From a young age, K-장녀 naturally take on the role of caretaker. They start by looking after their younger siblings, ensuring their safety and even picking them up from school. As they grow older, this caregiving role smoothly extends to include the care of their aging parents. This enduring commitment becomes a fundamental part of their lives, forming a lifelong pattern of selflessly tending to family needs. Juggling the responsibilities of nurturing the younger generation and supporting elderly parents, K-장녀 navigate their daily lives with a deeply ingrained sense of duty cultivated since their early years.
“Eldest daughter works part-time at a restaurant, easing the family’s burden.”
Facing high living costs, many young South Korean women, especially first-born daughters known as K-장녀, take on multiple part-time jobs to secure financial stability. These women grapple with societal expectations and family duties, balancing personal dreams with the responsibilities thrust upon them as the eldest daughters. The challenges of K-장녀 shed light on the complex interplay of economic pressures and traditional expectations in their pursuit
of a balanced life.
“Eldest daughter’s busy schedule: Packing in hard work and studying to reach her goals.”
A typical daily schedule for a K-장녀 (pictured above) is quite hectic. Jang Jaeyoung, an eldest daughter, shared, "Growing up in South Korea, many first-borns feel pressured to succeed. Even if I dreamed of being an artist or idol, considered unstable jobs, I'd give it up because I'm the eldest daughter." These K-장녀 strive to meet societal expectations, facing high standards. Their own expectations are even more demanding, believing success and a stable income are their responsibilities. Moreover, they are urged to be role models for younger siblings, leaving little room for mistakes or leisure.
“Mother-daughter connection: Sharing a walk, caring gesture, and a strong bond.”
Psychiatrist Yang Jae Jin from Mindcafe Psychiatric Clinic introduces the concept of K-장녀 syndrome, indicating that many seek psychiatric care when confronted with the realization that their life decisions, from career choices to marriage, have been dictated by their parents. This lack of self-discovery leads to feelings of hopelessness when life takes an unexpected turn.
The intricate relationship between K-장녀 and their parents, especially mothers, is characterized by a desire to reciprocate the sacrifices made in their upbringing. This gratitude, however, transforms into guilt if they are unable to meet parental expectations. Consequently, these young women conform to familial wishes, a pattern that, when disrupted by life's challenges, may lead to blame, confusion, resentment, and even depression.
Mental health professionals stress the importance of therapy as a means for K-장녀 to embark on a journey of self-discovery, allowing them to redefine their identities and prioritize personal aspirations over societal expectations. As this article seeks to shed light on the nuanced struggles faced by K-장녀, it becomes imperative for society to recognize the need for empowerment, enabling these women to prioritize their own lives and aspirations in a world where familial and societal expectations often take precedence.
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